Dune

Rise heaps Of Errors Essay Rise by Frank Herbert is one of the best Science Fiction books ever. The story is about Paul Atreids as he attempts to reclaim his planet (Arrakis, a.k.a Dune an unadulterated desert world. It is additionally the main spot where zest can be found. Zest is a medication that enables individuals to see the future, wellbeing and long life, (thus the idiom, Health and long life are the endowments of the zest, Dune the Sci Fi smaller than usual arrangement)) from the Harrkonnens the Atreids mortal adversary. The book is situated in the year 10,946 B.J (Bielgium Jihad) in the Imperium of man under the standard of Shaddam the IV. The fundamental characters are The Baron and Paul Atreids. Paul Atreids is the child of Duke Leto Atreids and the woman Jessica. He is MuadDib the Fremen savior (The Fremen are the locals of Dune and the best contenders in the known universe.). The Baron is the leader of Giedi prime. He is cruel and he detests the Atreids in light of the fact that an Atreids had the leader of House Harrkonnen exiled for weakness. The book begins with House Atreids moving to Arrakis. Paul father, Leto sends off men to select the Fremen to his motivation since he accepts the Harrkonnens will assault Arrakis (for the time being on I will call it by its Fremen name Dune). The Harrkonnens make an endeavor on Pauls life and a double crosser closes down the Atreids royal residences shield. Before long Harrkonnen troops and Sardaukar (The rulers stun troops) assault hill. Without the Fremens help the Harrkonnens catch hill and murder Leto and send Paul and his mom out into the profound desert to bite the dust. After the ambush the Sadaukar leave. The Harrkonnens trusting Paul dead start to harden their hang on Dune. In the wake of executing their captors Paul and Jessica escape. As they run, a worm (A monster worm, Usually about a kilometer long and around thirty feet wide with sharp teeth) attempts to eat the pair yet they escape into a cavern. Later Duncan Idaho, a dedicated Lieutenant, gets them and carries them to a covered up Fremen base. There Sardaukar assaults them again and Duncan kicks the bucket purchasing time for Paul and Jessica to escape. Later they are found by a gathering of Fremen who think Paul is the MuadDib (their savior). After Paul murders a non-adherent the Fremen start to venerate Paul. He shows them the Wierding Way (A strategy of battling). He gets a protector of fredakyin (Fremen demise Commandos). With his soldiers Paul starts a guerilla war against the Harrkonnens and their flavor creation carry it to an end. He at that point meets a Fremen young lady named Chani begins to look all starry eyed at her and accepts her as his mistress. Since the flavor creation stops t he head himself comes to Arrakis and gets ready to execute MuadDib. With the ruler arrival on ridge, MuadDib assaults with the entirety of the Fremen on the planet. He takes the ruler and the last enduring Harrkonnen detainee. Paul at that point battles a duel with the Harrkonnen a murders him. Paul at that point weds the heads little girl and turns into the new ruler. The story closes there. I appreciated this book significantly. I loved this book in view of its solid plot and great characters. Likewise on account of the storys many activity stuffed minutes. Sadly I gained nothing from this book. I prescribe this book to any individual who likes Science Fiction.

Third Party Politics Essay Research Paper There free essay sample

Outsider Politics Essay, Research Paper There is by all accounts all the more new ideological groups with each go throughing political race. A few people contend that these new gatherings offer individuals tired of bipartizan political relations as common a new pick. Despite the fact that any of these gatherings only here and there win decisions the announcement is made that they play an of import work in giving a voice to balloters tired of republican and law based principle. The announcement is made that by deciding in favor of a third party campaigner an individual can do a dissent voting form of sorts. Be that as it may, I do non accept that a dissent polling form is a decent ground to decide in favor of a campaigner. To start with, outsider campaigners all the more as often as possible occasions so non work simply in the capacity of spoiler. This is especially obvious in close decisions. At the point when an outsider campaigner serves in the capacity of spoiler they can disfranchise the heft of the balloters for a certain campaigner. In this manner overruling the genuine will of the individuals. I feel this abuses fundamental cardinal standards of popular government. Second, I accept new political decision Torahs are required. I accept outsider campaigners should hold to run into new hardened principles to run in a general political decision. This would ensure that the outsider campaigner would hold a reasonable viewpoint of triumph. This would smother the capacity of spoiler. At long last, I accept with new political race rules refering outsiders that the balloters can be given a new pick each piece great as vouching a fair political race. There are numerous newly framed political outsiders. These gatherings incorporate, the Reform Party, the Green Party, the Libertarian Party, the Natural Law Party, and the US Citizens Party. The Reform party is one of the more generally known about these. Ross Perot established the Reform Party a few mature ages prior. This gathering made a cluster of bombilation about third party political relations. Furthermore, when Ross Perot ran for President under his newly established gathering s standard numerous individuals balloted for him as a choice to the Democratic and Republican Gathering campaigners. Many feel this caused the republican campaigner Bob Dole to free the political race the law based campaigner Bill Clinton. Consequently the outsider in this political race served in the capacity of spoiler for the Republican Gathering campaigner. The second generally known about these gatherings would be the Green Party. Their front grown-up male and previous presidential campaigner is Ralph Nader. The Green party has been around field-grade official r a piece yet has simply late picked up in fame in the 2,000 decisions. This due in partition to its front grown-up male Ralph Nader. He hosts introduced the get-together as the gathering of change and the genuine voice of the individuals. Nader got around two for every centum of the well known voting form in the general political decision for leader of the United States on November 7. That does non sound like a lot, by and by the announcement can, furthermore, has been made that it had an emotional outcome on the political decision. Nader got around three for every centum of the polling form in Florida. That is critical when you consider at these days Crevasse W. Shrubbery only leads Vice President Al Gore by five hundred and thirty seven voting forms. This one time again outlines how an outsider campaigner can overrule the genuine will of the individuals. Be that as it may, numerous individuals like the perfect of outsiders. They put stock in interferences up the mastery of the law based furthermore, republican gatherings as a rule decisions. They contention has been made that it keeps up our political framework legitimate. I accept there is some fact to this announcement. Outsiders can give a voice to specific areas of our society that vibe that they are non be spoken to by the current political position quo. This may let everybody to feel as though they have a state in out specialists. All things considered, I do accept that for the most bit tierce parties only serve in the capacity of spoilers. I unflinchingly accept that they can overrule the desire of the individuals in an political race. This is much more genuine in a nearby political race. The evidents from past each piece great as the current presidential political race would hope to prove this. I accept the valid will of the balloters to be superseding and should non be ruined by an outsider campaigner who has no reasonable standpoint of triumph. I accept that new run Torahs are expected to douse this conceivable sabotaging of the genuine will of the main part of the balloters. There should be all the more solid rules and requests for any gatherings wanting to run a campaigner in a general political race. I accept all third parties that desire to run a campaigner in any broad political decision should hold to turn out that there is a reasonable standpoint of triumph. As such the voters will can non be sabotaged. At last I think with new run guidelines the capacity of the spoiler can be disposed of for good. I accept this will pass on correspondence and value to all decisions.

The Nature Of Surveillance Example

The Nature Of Surveillance Example The Nature Of Surveillance â€" Essay Example > IntroductionSurveillance is defined as the collection and processing of person data, which can be either, personally identifiable or not, with a view to managing or exerting influence on the people whose data or information has been gathered (Humphreys, 2011). Notably, the definition of surveillance involves gaining power to exert influence over other people, as well as the fact that in some circumstances, the people being watched may have no idea that somebody is collecting their personal data (Humphreys, 2011). Since the occurrence of 9/11, governments across the world, particularly the US have expanded their surveillance systems dramatically (ACLU, 2016). The surveillance is being directed not only at criminals and other suspicious characters but to every citizen. The government has for years been examining financial records, emails, telephone conversations, travel itineraries, website visits, as well as digital images from surveillance cameras in metadata programs that seek to establish suspicious associations and patterns (ACLU, 2016). Despite this surveillance capability that the US government has built and is implementing, US citizens do not have a clue about the extent to which the government is using such data. This fact begs a number of questions including whether the government should disclose how surveillance metadata is used and whether national security can be used as an excuse to infringe on individual rights and freedoms (ACLU, 2016). This paper examines the meaning of surveillance in the information age and seeks to establish who the spies are, and their targets, as well as the impact of surveillance on both privacy and security. Surveillance in the information ageTechnology has had a revolutionary effect on surveillance. Before the advent of technology, the use of technology in surveillance was limited to using telescopes while watching a surveillance target. On the contrary, contemporary surveillance is characterized by the use of techno logies such as video and photographic gear, covert listening devices, and night vision aids, cameras mounted on drones, as well as beacons and programmable scanners. Such technology has become even more successful as surveillance tools because of the use of personal computers that that are used for storage and analysis of collected information (Burton, 2007). In addition, the internet has made surveillance easy because people are volunteering to give personal information freely on the internet in the name of social networking. Actually, it is very easy to know the basic information of people nowadays, including their names, location, family ties, appearance, appearance of neighborhood in which they live, etc. , courtesy of social networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter. People post personal information, images, videos, etc. on these sites, which can be used for surveillance purposes. Some of the aspects of modern surveillance include security cameras mounted to businesses, tr affic lights, homes, street corners, and even on drones. Other cameras like those of news segments, television program, movie shoot, music video, cameras on mobile phones, etc. are also likely to take images of unsuspecting people if there is something peculiar with them. If such images make their way to the internet, then the data about that specific person or event is recorded forever. Mobile phones even have a GPS system, which enables any interested person to know one’s location at any time (Sau and Randol, 2012).

A Rhetorical Examination of The Homeless and Their...

In â€Å"The Homeless and Their Children†, author Jonathon Kozol explains how poverty and homelessness can go hand in hand, but he also shows his readers that the government in New York City during the 1980’s did not really attempt to assist those in need. The author shows us how the homeless and illiterate struggled by sharing with us an interview with a young woman called Laura who resided in a massive welfare hotel. Kozol did not find it necessary to write this piece in a persuasive tone, or a compassionate tone, or even an angry tone to get his message across. He did not need to include a multitude of statistics to convince his readers that homelessness, illiteracy, and governmental apathy were issues. As stated in the introductory†¦show more content†¦Later on in the story, Kozol addresses to the audience the situation of Laura’s budget. By providing Laura’s report of her exact figures of her income and expenditures, he caters again to t he reader’s logical reasoning skills by giving us a more precise and mathematical understanding of her plight. Also, Kozol writes about the process of churning: â€Å"’Those on welfare’, the Community Service Society of New York said in a report published in 1984, â€Å"may be suddenly removed from welfare rolls ‘for reasons unrelated to their actual need,’ or even to eligibility standards† (Kozol 306). By giving us a direct quote and a documented source, the readers can assume that this statement is true and we can make a better, more informed opinion on this topic. Lastly, he uses a metaphor to describe the appearance of Laura’s children: â€Å"In the room are two boys with dark and hollowed eyes and an infant girl. A third boy is outside and joins us later. The children have the washed-out look of the children Walker Evans photographed for ‘Let Us Now Praise Famous Men’† (Kozol 306). By reporting all these t hings to his readers, Kozol builds an appeal to logos. One of the strongest rhetorical appeals Kozol uses in this particular excerpt is, undoubtedly, the appeal to pathos. Throughout the entire piece, he spends lot of his time delivering lengthy descriptions. They begin when he reportsShow MoreRelatedCommunication Research9167 Words   |  37 Pagesqualitative research conducted by communication scholars about communication phenomena. The focus is also on research conducted from a social science perspective, which is distinct from rhetorical research and also distinct from critical research. Yet, distinctions among these three perspectives—social science, rhetorical, and critical—are not always clear (Craig, 1993), and scholars working from the other perspectives WHAT IS RESEARCH? 3 do use some methods more commonly associated with socialRead MoreThe Vanity of Celebrity Fame: Sunset Boulevard and Celebrity Reality Shows2371 Words   |  10 Pagesmundane names, Joe Gillis, is a laconic character who interacts with Norma in a reciprocally dependent relationship. Without Gillis, Norma feels lifeless, loveless and powerless, she depends on him emotionally, and conversely, without Norma, Gillis is homeless, finance-less and jobless, he depends on her materialistically. Also, identical to Norma, Gillis is sexually transgressive as well. He possesses many feminine identities such as his betrayal of integrity - Joe and Norma swaps roles. He conforms toRead MoreCPE Madureira 20087955 Words   |  32 Pages  f 5.  a 6.  e 7.  d8.  b  G 1.  come  to  terms  with 2.  comes  down  heavily  on 3.  comes  out  with 4.  come  to  the  point 5.  came  up  with 6.  came  down  with 7.  came  round 8.  come  in  for 9.  come  round  to  it Very  Useful  Links University  of  Cambridge  Ã‚ ­Ã‚  ESOL  examinations Flo ­Joe  (Mock  tests  and  more) CPE  Ã‚ ­Ã‚  SPEAKING  PAPER  GUIDE Dictionary Word  web  (fabulous!) Splendid  Learning  Ã‚ ­Ã‚  Podcasting United  and  determined!!    Maità ª,  Carla,  Valà ©ria,  Victor,  and  Patrà ­cia How  many  of  us  are  online  now? 1  online Ranking  of  Medalists  (Final  outcome)Read MorePeculiarities of Euphemisms in English and Difficulties in Their Translation19488 Words   |  78 Pageselevated form: anxiety to preserve a lofty or a beautiful style in poetry, oratory, etc., where unseemly trivial words or metaphors would jar on one. In addressing children, or in lowly or very friendly circles: avoidance of medical (or otherwise technical) or literary words by the employment of euphemistic terms; in addressing children, a euphemism is frequently due to a modesty that would be ludicrous or misplaced among adults, or to a wish to spare them painful knowledge (Zegarac V.2000,p.198)Read MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 PagesE. Parejko, Chicago State University; Robert Sessions, Kirkwood Community College; and Stephanie Tucker, California State University Sacramento. Thinking and writing about logical reasoning has been enjoyable for me, but special thanks go to my children, Joshua, 8, and Justine, 3, for comic relief during the months of writing. This book is dedicated to them. For the 2012 edition: This book is dedicated to my wife Hellan whose good advice has improved the book in many ways. vi Table ofRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagespromoted or systematically engineered the massive episodes of rape, oppression, and genocidal killing that were major offshoots of a second global conflict in the early 1940s. The barbarous treatment meted out to tens of millions of men, women, and children in a decade that marked the nadir of recorded human history provided much of the impetus for a worldwide resurgence of human rights activism, agitation, and legislation that came to be centered in the United Nations after 1945. The two global

John Winthrop And James Madison - 1197 Words

From the beginning, America has been a safe place for the fostering and cultivating of new thoughts and ideologies, but not without repercussion. This is evident in the life of both John Winthrop and James Madison. From early on in their political careers, both leaders faced political opposition. John Winthrop left familiarity in search of religious freedom and the pursuit of a life pleasing to God. James Madison, in creativity, thought of an entirely renovated way to successfully restructure the government of a nation that acted more as separate states. By using their backgrounds as a driving force for innovation they renovate governmental systems and lead the people from the ground up, inspired by Reformation and republicanism. Their implementation of government was different in emphasis, but the republican ideals behind it were the same. In Edmund S. Morgan’s, The Puritan Dilemma, it was evident that John Winthrop focused his entire life around glorifying God, in turn creat ing a government that did the same. This ideology translated into the way he shaped and structured Puritan society. Winthrop first focused on the formation of a community of unity and harmony, then built a government that fostered it. All of the governmental structures in place were supporting one main focus of the Puritan society being â€Å"a city on a hill.† Citation Further, Puritan society was to act as an example for the surrounding colonies of godly living. Harmony was backed by their ideals ofShow MoreRelatedAmongst The Time Of American History, Liberty Has Been1499 Words   |  6 Pagesthe idea of liberty has changed tremendously. One can define the term liberty, as the state of being free within society from oppressive restrictions imposed by authority on one s way of life, behavior, or political views. John Winthrop believed in using God’s word. When Winthrop became the governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, he took people’s rights away due to the fact that liberty was living by the word of God. Winthrop’s idea of liberty is new to the term liberty that Americans know and believeRead MoreThe Separation Between Church And State1492 Words   |  6 Pagesprohibited to regulate or control those who exercise religion. The predominant issue between church and state does not rest on protecting those avoiding religion, but to protect those choosing to practice religious freedom. Roger Williams and John Winthrop firmly believe that church and state must remain separate from the state to prevent misconception in religion. Several scholars, religious leaders, and theologists, broadly recognized throughout literature and history, state his/her convictionsRead More America: Myth Of Equality Essays1325 Words   |  6 Pagesindividuals as John Winthrop, John Adams, and James Madison, and as a result, their significant accomplishments towards the development of the American system have tainted the institution itself. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;One of the earliest American social groups was the 17th Century Puritans. This society had an extremely unique and strict manner of thinking that was entirely based on inequality. This is clearly represented by the writings of the Puritan leader John Winthrop. In â€Å"A Model ofRead MoreJohn Locke And James Harrington Essay1378 Words   |  6 Pagesphilosophies. Political Philosophers such as John Locke and James Harrington along with the seekers of religious freedom the Pilgrims set a standard for government’s role in American’s lives. This standard is then transformed into what James Madison referred to as â€Å"factions† or as contemporary Americans would refer to as Political parties. All of these variables thus factor into how American’s view law and order represented in Supreme Court cases such as Marbury vs. Madison along with McCulloch vs. MarylandRead MorePuritans, Quakers, And Witchcraft1416 Words   |  6 Pagestrave ling to the Massachusetts Bay colony were led by John Winthrop. In the spring of 1630, John Winthrop composed and delivered what is known to be one of the most famous speeches in American history, â€Å"A Model of Christian Charity† and had everyone sign an agreement. The agreement consisted of working together when they reached the new world. Finding success in good planning, substantial capital, and political influence back in England. Winthrop s core goal, was simple; to create a society out ofRead MoreAnti Federalists Vs The Ratification Of The U.s. Constitution1074 Words   |  5 Pagesthey Anti-Federalists did not have as much time to prepare and organize for the ratification debates because many of them were not included in the U.S. Constitutions creation; however, they were still relatively organized behind leaders such as James Winthrop and Patrick Henry. Also unlike the Federalists, the Anti-Federalists were a much more diverse group. They ranged from large poli tical elites to yeomen farmers; they were joined by a large number of â€Å"ordinary Americans.† Another common characteristicRead MoreA Person s Religious Practices1738 Words   |  7 Pagesrepresentation, there wouldn t be a guarantee they would feel adequately represented. The Bill of Rights Near the end of the Revolutionary War, James Madison penned the first portion of the U.S. Constitution by way of the Bill of Rights. In the very first amendment he says, â€Å"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion...† (Madison, 1789) This was meant to keep the new government from making one religion the country’s religion. Again, having a government backed religion hereRead MoreAlexander Hamilton Vs. Thomas Jefferson1289 Words   |  6 PagesFederalists, who supported the making of a new document, the Constitution, differed from Anti-federalists who believed that â€Å"the new system threatened liberties and failed to protect individual rights.† Anti-federalist, such as Patrick Henry, James Winthrop and Samuel Adams, believed in state s rights and only urged the need of alterations to the Articles of Confederation rather than dispose of it. Likewise, several arguments arose including the issue of slavery, the duties of the Supreme C ourtRead MoreShould The Police Search The House Without A Warrant?1503 Words   |  7 Pagesbecause the general warrants that did not define probable cause or the object of their search. After the war for Independence, when Constitution was being drafted, many people opposed it because they thought it gave the government too much power. James Winthrop, Melancton Smith, George Mason along with many others was the anti-Federalist. â€Å"The Anti- Federalists claimed the Constitution gave the central government too much power, and without a Bill of Rights the people would be at risk of oppression.†Read MoreEng Questions 2 Essay1148 Words   |  5 Pagesthink would have been against abortion was John Winthrop. He was especially against the teachings of a fellow church member in Boston, Anne Hutchinson. Her beliefs that only select people were chosen by God due to something within them rather than due to their good actions were against his beliefs. I think that because he had a firm belief that actions were what earned you a spot in Heaven, he would be extremely anti-abortion. 5. In Federalist # 10 James Madison speaks of the public’s view on the government

Great Gatsby Corruption Free Essays

Possibly one of F. Scott Fitzgerald’s most astonishing work, The Great Gatsby is not just a magnificent story, but an insightful lesson of society’s flaws during the 1920’s. Fitzgerald’s novel creates an atmosphere of superficiality, dissatisfaction and dishonesty by the depictive illustration of each character’s defect. We will write a custom essay sample on Great Gatsby Corruption or any similar topic only for you Order Now With economical growth, the immoral society of the twenties ultimately brought corruption to the American Dream of achieving prosperity. At the end of the first chapter, the green light at the end of Daisy’s dock is introduced, the symbol for hope and a promising future for the Great Gatsby. In the second chapter however, the reader is presented with the, â€Å"†¦ valley of ashes†¦ where ashes take the form of houses and chimneys and rising smoke and finally†¦ of men who move dimly and already crumbling through the powdery air† . The valley of ashes can be interpreted as the superficial and dirt-filled materialistic world that the characters live in. The author’s great use of imagery helps accentuate the setting and the crumbling foundation of society. In Fitzgerald’s novel, Gatsby is labeled as â€Å"new money†. Having come from no wealthy background, and building his fortunes early in life, Gatsby nearly fulfills all the aspects of the American Dream with hard work, courage and determination but comes short by not achieving satisfaction from prosperity. Money was the critical reagent to Gatsby’s corruption that unfolds when he describes Daisy. â€Å"Her voice is full of money† . Often identified as a symbol of wealth, Daisy was Gatsby’s main goal. Gatsby had an enormous need to impress Daisy with his riches; his tainted mind could only offer what he had acquired all these years, money. How to cite Great Gatsby Corruption, Essay examples

The Canadian Justice System v.s. Aboriginal People Essay Example For Students

The Canadian Justice System v.s. Aboriginal People Essay Topic: Be it resolved that the Canadian justice system be significantly changed. The Canadian justice system has failed the Canadian people. It has failed the aboriginal people of this nation on a massive scale. The flawed justice system has been insensitive and inaccessible, and has arrested and imprisoned aboriginal people in grossly disproportionate numbers. Aboriginal people who are arrested are more likely to be denied bail, spend less time with their lawyers, and if convicted, are more likely to be incarcerated. It is not merely that the justice system has failed aboriginal people; justice has also been denied to them. For more than a century the rights of aboriginal people have been ignored and eroded. The result of this denial has been injustice of the most profound kind. Poverty and powerlessness have been the Canadian legacy to a people who once governed their own affairs in self-sufficiency. A significant part of the problem is the inherent biases of those with decision-making authority in the justice system. However one understands discrimination, it is clear that aboriginal people have been subject to it. They clearly have been victims of the openly hostile bigot and they have also been victims of discrimination that is unintended, but is rooted in police and law. Two specific incidents in late 1987 and early 1988 clearly illustrate this unacceptable discrimination. The first of these was the November 1987 trial of two men for the 1971 murder of Helen Betty Osborne in The Pas Manitoba. While the trial established that four men were present when the young aboriginal woman was killed, only one of them was ultimately convicted of any crime. Following the trial, allegations were made that the identity of the four individuals who has been present at the killing was widely known in the local community. On March 9, 1988, J.J. Harper, Executive Director of the Island Lake Tribal Council, died following an encounter with a City of Winnipeg police officer. The following day the police department exonerated the officer involved. Others, particularly those in the provinces aboriginal community, believed that there were many questions which had been left unanswered by the police departments internal investigation. These two specific incidents are seen by many as troubling examples of the manner in which the Canadian justice system is failing aboriginal people. While the aboriginal people comprise 11.8 percent of Manitobas population, they represent 50 percent of the provinces prison population. Canadas treatment of its first citizens has been an international disgrace. Unless we take every needed step to redress this problem, this lingering injustice will continue to bring tragedy and suffering to aboriginal people, and to blacken our countrys name throughout the world. Supporters of the Canadian justice system might argue that Canada has the best legal system in the world. How do they explain away the injustices in the aboriginal communities? Is justice not intended for everyone? Section 15.(1) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms clearly states: Every individual is equal before and under the law and has the right to the equal protection and equal benefit of the law without discrimination. Unless our Charter has no basis in law, out justice is seriously flawed. Minority groups in this flawed system have a dim future at best. Our justice system must be revamped and revised so that it is more equitable, sensitive, and accessible.

Blue Remembered Hills Essay Example

Blue Remembered Hills Essay In our last drama piece we performed a section of Dennis Potters Blue Remembered Hills. This play is mainly based around seven, seven-year-old children living in the second world war, these children are played by adults to show the small amount that adults are aware of in the child mind. I will be comparing thins to the script of Bugsy Malone written by Alan Parker, this play is the reverse of Blue Remembered Hills, it is set as children playing an adult role and so seeing in to the life of an adult and being involved in adults situations.I will be comparing these two scripts because I feel that they contrast well with each other because of the actors playing different ages. I will also be talking about my performance of Blue Remembered Hills My performance piece and Blue Remembered Hills In my performance piece me and four others (Sophie, Boe, Holly and Fraser) performed selected scenes from the play Blue remembered Hills.I played the part of peter in the scenes, peter thinks of himself as leader in this play until scene 11 when he gets into a fight with another character, john and loses and then john becomes the leader of the seven. Peter becomes second in charge; the children use a very obvious state of hierarchy with their activities. We chose scenes 8 to 20, we did not perform scenes 13 and 14 because these scenes contained the character Donald, and we did not have anyone in our group who could play this part because we did not have enough people.In the first scene, the two girls in the play (Angela and Audrey) played by Holly and Sophie walked across the stage talking very enthusiastically about themselves and other people, a sense of hierarchy is shown here because Audrey is very desperate to be Angelas best friend but Angela, being the more popular and pretty for the two, boasts about her many friends. I felt this part was well played and the enthusiasm bought across made the fact that they were playing young children more believable. We will write a custom essay sample on Blue Remembered Hills specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Blue Remembered Hills specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Blue Remembered Hills specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Blue Remembered Hills Essay Example Blue Remembered Hills Paper Blue Remembered Hills revolves around a summers afternoon in a remote country setting and is about seven children and the tasks they go through in a day. The play includes many forms of cruelty for example; physical bullying, animal cruelty, child abuse and emotional bullying. Blue Remembered Hills was set in 1943. The play contributes to the theme cruelty in a number of ways for example Peter shows physical bullying when he says I will! Ill spit! Right in the middle of your face I think the reason why there was so much bullying taking place is because the boys want to show theyre the alpha male. As the play was set in 1943 it relates to World War 2 you can tell this because the children play war games. I think this also adds to the cruelty because its the children have grown up around war and violence and its all they know. At one point in the play it shows how the children poison apples to try and kill the Germans, this shows they have been bought up thinking they should be trying to kill people. I think this shows that their parents may have said something about poisoning things to kill the Germans because why else would a seven year old want to poison things? We will write a custom essay sample on Blue Remembered Hills specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Blue Remembered Hills specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Blue Remembered Hills specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Another point which shows bullying and being bought up in war times is when Peter finds Donald crying. He taunts him for behaving like a baby but then relents when he remembers that Donalds father has been captured by the Japanese. They also thought the Italian army were after capturing them because the siren from the nearby Prisoner of War camp sounds. The boys and girls in the forest hear the siren and hide in a ditch, afraid that the escaped Italian prisoner will find them. This shows that all they thought about was war and fighting. They lived in poor socio economic area where they have to find their own entertainment which they have found by bullying each other. They also found entertainment by killing animals. The children remarkably kill a squirrel as they knock it from a tree they then throw a stone they viciously stamp and stamp and stamp with great ferrocity. Peter then gets angry when Raymond refuses to lend his knife so that they can cut off its tail. Raymond was clearly upset about it as he says to Peter Is- is him d-dud dead? and Peter replys Oy. Course him is. Deader than dead. I think that from what Peter said it shows hes pleased that the squirrel is dead, I also think that its slightly worrying that a seven year old child wants to cut a squirrels tail off. I also think the reason why he wants to cut the tail off is because the play is set in rural area therefore the children have lots of freedom and because of the area they lived in no-one stopped them. Potter displays cruelty in other aspects during the play, another is war cruelty. War cruelty is dealt with in a number of ways; the first is the way the children react to the Italians. As shown on the T.V and in the book as soon as they hear the sirens they automatically think the Italians are after them as nobody has told them any different. They are also constantly worried someone is after them as shown in the text and T.V a number of times for example they poison an apple and give them to the Germans so they die and cant come and get them. Physical bullying is prominent in the play Blue Remembered Hills, it is shown a number of times one of them is when Peter asks if he can have some apple Willie says You can have the core. Then Peter replies You can have my fist. I think this shows that Peter may have experience violence during some path of his life as his instant reaction was to answer with violence. In the play everyone bullies each other in the group which shows how they were bought up with bulling surrounding them for example the boy with a stutter bullies a girl with glasses. The play highlights the way children act and behave when unsupervised by adults. Emotional bullying is very prominent. The children emotionally bully to feel powerful and to get what they what, for example Audrey is crying, which she is obviously doing for effect and to get her own way and not because she is hurt by the childrens actions, the group then felt sorry for her and let her be the nurse in the game they were playing. This shows how manipulative a child can be and how even at this young age she has learnt to use her emotions to get what she wants. I think there are so many examples of emotional bullying because Dennis Potter wanted to show how even seven year old children can be very manipulative to get what they want. Dennis Potter uses adult actors in his play for a number of reasons because he wants us to judge and criticise the children in new eyes. The reasoning behind this is that he wants us to see them in a new light. That they are not always innocent and sweet, and by having adults play them this would take away the Ahh factor. This is a side of a seven year old that I have never imagined before. The playwright considered by using children the audience would perceive them as being cute. This was not the message that he wished to portray. I think the poem which concludes the film and book is used to tell the audience that if you grow up a bully you will always be a bully. I Also think that the line from the poem saying The happy highways where I went And cannot come again. is trying to say how the place where the barn burnt down, which the children shared many happy memories, will never be the same and they will never be able to visit with out thinking of the tragic things they did that day the poem goes; Into my heart, an air that kills From yon far country blows What are those blue remembered hills? What spires, what farms are those? That is the land of lost content, I see it shinning plain. The happy highways where I went And cannot come again. The essence of the conclusion is to suggest that childhood does not always bring about happy memories, in fact the opposite is often true, and the experience of childhood is often taken into the adult world. Dennis Potter was being ironic at this point, he claimed that if children were bullies at that tender point in their lives then it was plausible to believe that they would be bullies in adulthood. The part of the play which affected me the most, was to see the character of Donald when he was rocking and isolated from the others, showing the state of a disturbed mind. I would recommend this play for the viewing of all ages.

Red Azalea essays

Red Azalea essays The purpose of this paper is to introduce, discuss, and analyze the book "Red Azalea: Life and Love in China," by Anchee Min. Specifically, it will describe life in Communist China during the Cultural Revolution (late 1960s) for a young woman, and comment on the degree of independence-choice enjoyed by women in the book. The women living in China during the Cultural Revolution did not enjoy independence or choice they lived in fear and under constant scrutiny of the Communist Party. Anchee Min's book "Red Azalea" is a touching story of a young girl growing up under Communist rule in China. She had a difficult life, and although women took part in the Cultural Revolution and were an important part of it, women and all Chinese were not independent or free during this time, they lived under the watchful eye of the Communist Party. Most of what they did was not of their own free will, but chosen for them by the Party. Min says she was a grownup by the age of five, and she certainly had no choice about it it was expected of all the children, as she writes here: "I was an adult since the age of five. That was nothing unusual" (Min 4). She has to act as an adult because her parents, and everyone's parents, were busy working for the Revolution, and they had no choice either, because they would have been sent away, or even killed if they did not support the Communist Party and their Revolution. It is very clear that Min and her family did not enjoy the freedom and independence we enjoy here in America. At one point in the book, she is forced to speak out against her favorite teacher, Autumn Leaves, by the Party, and she does it because she is so afraid of them. I did not know why I was crying. I heard myself calling for my parents as I took the microphone. I said Mama, Papa, where are you? The crowd waved their angry fists at me and shouted, Down! Down! I was so sca ...

Visual Rhetoric Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Visual Rhetoric - Case Study Example Visual rhetoric is the use of images in order to further an argument, and encompasses the analysis of the visual images and text as well as their arrangement on a page. (www.owl.english.purdue.edu). Through the nature and form of the visual images as well as the corresponding text that is used, the two images which are the subject of this essay, both convey differing, contradictory messages on the same issue of gun control. The first image is a black and white cartoon image. Editorial cartoons are communicative tools because the cartoonist makes use of visual symbols for the purpose of communicating with his or her audience. In order to be classified as a visual rhetoric, an artifact must possess three elements (a) it must be symbolic (b) it must involve human interaction and (c) it must be presented to an audience for the purpose of communicating. (Foss, 2004: 304). Both the images qualify as visual rhetoric because they are utilized to symbolically convey a message on gun control and both images involve human characters. The first image is entirely in black and white and utilizes black text on a white background which shows high contrast levels. Since this image is purely in black and white, it utilizes shading in order to heighten contrasts. Lines are clean and simple and the drawing creates the effects of light and shadow through strategic shading. The image utilizes approximate symmetry, whereby the figures are organized around the central fulcrum point on the street, with the family arranged on one side and the odd looking man on the other. The element of stunned surprise and shock of the family of four at the sight of the man with the gun is conveyed through the backward slanting lines that are used. The larger size of the odd looking man is counterbalanced by the varying sizes of the family. The picture maintains an overall balance with the houses and playground in the background appearing smaller, thereby conveying the impression of distance. The use of dots and shading on the gun toting individual highlights the impression of general scruffiness, while the clean faces of the family suggest their contrasting nature. The text size is proportionate to the other figures in the image, and has been capitalized in order to make it more distinct and readable in black against a white background. The focal point of the image is the family of six and the odd looking man, however the greater amount of space devoted to the gun toting character suggests the relative importance of this character as the focal point to the whole image. In the second image however, it is color rather than shading that provides elements of contrast. The figure in the image stands out in stark contrast to the pitch black border, which also forms the backdrop for the text. The use of white text on a black background is however, not ideal. This image is focused almost exclusively around the gun, especially by pushing it directly into the foreground and lighting the area around it. The background is notably stripped of any distracting elements and is a plain gray background. The picture has been taken in such a manner that it is designed to draw attention to the gun, which is the subject of the message. The man's hand that is holding the gun is disproportionately large as

Competition law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Competition law - Essay Example Due to the influx of complaints that reaches the office of the European Court of Justice, a new accord was passed to devolve the function to the national competition authority and the national courts of each jurisdiction. The new process was formulated to ensure that more focus is given to each complaints and also to ensure that proper monitoring of the conduct of the companies within each jurisdiction is well managed. As it is there are three ways wherein monopolies or cartels can be broken. Through notification where the companies themselves will submit to the regime of the national competition authority the agreements it will enter into with a company within the same industry. The Notification process will certify and state the reason to the National Competition Commission on why the agreement is not in violation of the anti cartel law. The other process wherein attention to the existence of the cartel will be put to the fore is through the initiation of a complaint against the ca rtel or the companies that make up the cartels. It is normally lodged by consumers acting to preserve and protect its interest against acts by company considered as against public policy. The National Commission itself acting on its behalf and in congruence with its power may investigate and launch its inquiry as to the existence of the cartel. The process enunciated above at first instance can be considered as laudable due to the focused implementation of the law by the National Competition Authority of each jurisdiction. To illustrate: The notification process only provides a prima facie evidence that would make the companies involved in the agreement or alliance. This will pave the way for undocumented gentlemen’s agreement to be hatched in golf courses or similar fora. While more powers are given to the National Competition Authority to assess, rule and provide guidance to companies willing to submit itself to the regime of the NCA, the European Court of Justice have effe ctively reduced its clout over the TFEU. Legal backGround In 1952, the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) was created not only to boost economic growth in Europe in the aftermath of the Second World War but more importantly, to foster lasting peace. This treaty marked the beginning of the free movement of coal and steel and it guaranteed access to sources of production as well as the establishment of fair competition rules and price transparency. Under this Treaty, three cases were identified as hindrance to free trade and fair competition—agreements, concentrations and the abuse of dominant positions thus it explicitly provided that any agreement and undertaking could be nullified or an association could be disbanded if they would likely promote unfair competition or directly or indirectly prevent, restrict or distort free enterprise or fair competition. The European Economic Community (then known as EEC but now referred to as the EC Treaty) pursuant to the Treaties of Rome established the single or common European market on 1 January 1958. Under this Treaty, the free movement of people, goods and services were similarly conferred to achieve the envisioned economic development under the single or com

Career and family priorities of college students

Career and family priorities of college students This study was designed to observe the career and family priorities of college students. It was studied to determine whether men and women differ in feelings towards career and family. It was hypothesized that there would be an inverse relationship between career values and the importance of family life between men and women furthermore; female students would value the family life role, whereas male would prefer the occupational life role. It was tested with the help of Life Role Salience Scale (Amatea, Cross, Clark, Bobby, 1986). Thirty female and thirty male college students rated the scale. Statistical analysis demonstrated that women valued family more than career and men valued career more than family. INTRODUCTION: Everyday decision can be related to the essence of human. In todays society, individuals are trying to do it all-to find life satisfaction through a combination of multiple roles (e.g., career, marriage, parenting, homecare). Super (1990) theorized that ones life career is made up of many different roles occupied over the life span, including the roles of career person, home and family person, community member, student, and leisurite. However, if they are not spending their time in ways that are congruent with their values, they are unlikely to find the happiness they seek. Greehaus and Beutell (1985) theorized that the more important a role is to an individual, the more time and energy that person will invest in it, which will allow less time and energy for other roles. Super discussed participation, commitment and value expectations in relation to life roles. Participation is the amount of time spent in a role, whereas commitment and values expectations reflect the importance of th e role to the individual, and the degree to which the individual can meet their needs through that role (Super Neville, 1986). Satisfaction in life is related to role congruence, which is the amount of congruence between the level of participation in each life role and the level of commitment to and valuing of that role. For example, if an individual highly values and is highly committed to the family role, but only participates in this role 5% of the time, that individual will be less satisfied with life than an individual with greater congruence between valuing/commitment and participation. Research has demonstrated that inconsistency between role participation and role commitment may cause increased psychological distress and decreased marital quality (Voydanoff Donnelly, 1999).Graduating senior women on the Berkeley campus overwhelmingly reported that they expected to be married, to have children and to have a career. Nearly nine-tenths are planning to earn graduate degrees in law, medicine, science, or business, and half expect to earn as much if not more, than their future husbands. Simultaneously, they hope to raise two or three children each and to interrupt their careers for extended amounts of time, (Six months to twelve years) in order to care for their children. Some researchers say that women place family before career and like to spend large amount of time at home, especially when their children are young. And women with children earn significantly less than either men or women without children. College women and men are quite similar in one respect they both want partners or spouses and they both want children. Ninety percent of the women and men in one of the research say that women hope to marry and have children. But one asks these students how they plan to combine their careers, marriages, and children, striking differences appear. They wanted their husbands to work continuously. It would be strange, said one, echoing the sentiments of man y, if I was at work and he was at home. But many of the men were tentative about their future wives employment. Several men stated they wanted there wives to stay home after she had children. Clearly, both women and men see the husbands job as essential to the economic well-being and survival of their future families and the wifes job as optional-a luxury they can choose to add on or take off at will. Most of the students come from fairly traditional homes-their mothers were responsible for cooking, doing the dishes, and cleaning the house while their fathers made money and fixed things around the house. Students say that mother took care of the kids and the house while father went out to work and earn money. Extensive research indicates that college men and women endorse both achievements goals such as career development and marital goals. Many researchers have found that college men and women are increasingly similar in their goals and value orientations. Scant information is avai lable about how women and men with similarly strong and equal motivations toward the achievement of goals and the maintenance of affiliative relationships will prioritize, make decisions, and interact when achievement demands and personal relationships conflict. Students reveal ignorance of the career hazards of interruptions in employment, and lack of awareness of the family sacrifices and stresses attendant to career commitment (Catalyst, 1987; Phillips Johnston, 1985; Zuckerman, 1980). As men and women in college today think about their future and plan for work and family, they are exposed to a variety of mixed messages relating to gender. Gender socialization continues to influence young peoples identities and stereotypes from the past frame choices (e.g., Angrist Almquist, 1975; Komarovsky, 1985; Machung, 1989) for students as they move into a society which, at least theoretically, permits equality of opportunities regardless of gender. Yet, participation of women in the work force has increased significantly and attitude surveys indicate that we are much more accepting of women taking active roles in our society (e.g. Mason Lu, 1988). Nevertheless, women still face considerable occupational segregation (Blau Ferber, 1985). Research suggests that women continue to oversee management of home, children and social activities of the family, while men help with household tasks (Hochschild et al., 1989) since discrimination results in women earning less money for eq ual time at work, men can justify their non-involvement in household chores because they must provide for the family. Thus, despite many changes, todays college students have grown up in traditional families where women have had to assume the majority of household tasks, whether they worked outside of the home or not. Consequently, many traditional gender expectations are maintained by the structural inequality in our society. According to Eccles, womens career choices will differ from mens because they place more value on family and relationships. Machungs (1989) interviews with 30 graduating Berkeley seniors, illustrates the contradictions which occur between the changing role of women in society and the traditional roles we still hold for women and men in the family. The women whom Machung interviewed wanted careers, but recognized that their career paths would be interrupted by family and children. The men researcher spoke to, on the other hand, planned their career with the exp ectation of having a support system (wives) to care for their homes and families. The women in other studies (e.g., Komarovsky, 1985; Maines Hardesty, 1987; Angrist Almquist, 1975) also express tentativeness of plans for their work life, in which career planning becomes contingency planning or planning around husbands and children. Women in these studies expect to be working most of their adult life, but also expect that their family will take priority over work as needed. Sociological functionalists saw employment and family in an earlier and family life in an earlier historical period as well-integrated (Parsons and Smelser 1956; Goode 1960). Only one person, the male breadwinner, participated in the labour force; the wife/mother met childcare, house-hold upkeep, and other pattern maintenance needs. Husbands and wives were thus specialists in their roles. Societal restrictions on employment for women of childbearing age reduced work/family conflict and stress. Today in our socie ty there is almost universal support in principle for equal opportunity however; traditional attitudes regarding womens family roles persist. Employed women thus experience conflict between work outside the home and family responsibilities (Mortimer and London, 1984; Mortimer and Sorensen, 1984). Pleck (1984) finds that traditional norms promote asymmetrically permeable boundaries in the roles of men and women. For men, the work role dominates; the family is expected to accommodate to its requirements. To support their work involvement, men spend relatively little time on family work. Because the male family role inextricably entails being a good breadwinner (Bernard, 1984), male workplace success simultaneously fulfills both work and family role responsibilities. On the other hand, women are expected to stress family obligations over activities related to employment. Womens work roles often give to accommodate the family (e.g., women with young children often work part-time or inte rmittently). Thus, employment doesnt radically disrupt the traditional core wife/ mother responsibilities. In essence, employed married women have two jobs, one in the workplace, the second in the family; this normative pattern has negative implications for their socio economic attainment (Marini, 1989). Therefore what normative controls used to accomplish (i.e., a women was expected to quit work when she married or had children). Adolescence is widely recognized as a critical life stage for vocational development (Erickson 1963) and crystallization of future plans. Adolescent work and family orientations are therefore expected both to reflect changing work/ family linkages and to contribute to them in the future. Public opinion trends (McLaughlin, 1988) show that widespread behavioral change (e. g., wives employment) often precedes attitudinal change (e.g., approval of wives working). Moreover, status attainment researchers have demonstrated that educational and occupational aspirations influence attainments (Sewell and Hauser, 1975). Given these reciprocal relations of work and family structures, it is important to continually monitor trends in young peoples work attitudes and behaviors. Recent research shows that future work (Farmer, 1983; Shapiro and Crowley, 1982) and family (Affleck, Morgan, and Hays, 1989; Machung 1989; Joss Elson, Greenberger and McConchie, 1977a, 1977b; Maines and Hardest, 1987) cont inue to be central life interests for adolescent boys and girls, with both planning to spend significant portions of their lives in the labor force and in families. A major gender difference persists in that girls more often plan to work part-time and intermittently rather than full-time to accommodate competing work and family role demands (Machung, 1989; OConnell, Betz, and Kurth, 1989).Young women often anticipate that career and family life will be problematic if perused simultaneously (Machung 1989; Ward and Rubin1989; Archer1985; Crowley and shapiro1982). Tangri and Jenkinss (1986)1980 survey of 1967 college female graduates showed a dramatic increase in reported conflict between career and marriage in the post graduate years. Adolescent males ,in contrast ,see their adult work and family roles as more congruent; they see few problems in wanting both careers and families(archer1985).This is to be expected since families do not impede adult mens career(Mortimer and Sorensen 198 4 ).Maines and Hardesy (1987)conclude, young men and women anticipate participating in basically the same categories of activity(education, work, family),butà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦differ in their assumptions about the nature and extent of that participation. Men expect ability and labour market opportunities to determine their futures, while women face the problem of how to integrate these various dimensions of their lives (Maines and Hardesty, 1987). Regan and Roland (1982) investigated marginal shifts in university seniors life goals and vocational aspirations, finding that they had changed over the decade of the 1970s. Women graduating in1979 expected careers to be the primary source of future satisfaction but also indicated that family relationships were still very important. Van Maanem and associates (1977) argue that an understanding of careers should focus on the interaction among individual aspirations, family concerns, and work demands. We therefore, build a measure of lifestyle co mmitment, constructed from individuals ordering of life goals, to investigate relationships. Gender differences in work and family experiences have been a consistently important theme in work-family research (Lewis Cooper, 1999). On the basis of Greenhaus and Beutells argument about the importance of role salience to the work-family conflict (Greenhaus Beutell, 1985), many scholars have hypothesized that women experience more work-family conflict than men because of their typically greater home responsibilities and their allocation of more importance to family roles. However, more recent researchers have discovered that men and women do not differ on their level of work- family conflict (Blanchard-Fields, 1997). In those studies where gender differences were found. The unanticipated results regarding gender and the work-family conflict raise the possibility that researchers emphasis on between-gender differences may mask important within-gender variation in work- family conflict. Within-gender variation may be as critical as between-gender differences in explaining work-fa mily conflict. Gender identity does not stand separate from other identity issues. Rather, it is part of a complex psychological and social process whereby men and women adopt varying degrees of traditionally masculine and feminine roles and responsibilities (Anderson Leslie, 1991). Social and cultural factors, as well as the individuals abilities and personality characteristics, mediate the relationship between gender and work-family conflict (Farmer, 1985). Thus, individual variation within gender can provide valuable information beyond the mere knowledge of gender in order to explain differences among persons regarding work-family conflict. The range of findings in the literature highlights the need to attend to the variation in mens and womens beliefs about the importance of work and family roles, rather than to generalize to all men and to all women (Kerpelman Schvaneveldt, 1999). Understanding this variation may contribute to a more coherent and comprehensive explanation of work-family conflict. The aim of this study is to explore gender differences in work-family conflict while attending to both between- and within-gender variation in perceptions of importance of work and family life roles. In the study we considered the importance attributed simultaneously to both work and family roles by both men and women. This approach should facilitate more precise understandings and may clarify some of the mixed findings of previous research concerning gender differences in work-family conflict. Role salience was typically determined by examining commitment and values regarding work or family roles (Neville Super, 1986). It is important to note that these researchers investigated work salience or home salience without simultaneously considering the relative importance of both roles in an individuals life. Much of the research on career and family orientation has disregarded the perceived relative importance of both work and family roles. As a result, these studies do not reflect the growing recognition that work and family are interdependent spheres of life (Rapport Rapport, 1971; Westman Piotrkowski, 1999). Despite the increase in womens involvement in demanding occupations and the substantial rise of womens vocational aspirations over recent decades (Gerstein, Lichtman, Barokas,1988), mens occupational goals and aspirations frequently exceed those of women. For example, Leung, Conoley, and Schell (1994) found that women generally have lower career aspirations than do comparably talented men. During socialization to work and family roles, men are traditionally raised to pursue the provider role and women the marital/ family role (Major, 1989). Many women in the West continue to be socialized to believe that being a wife and raising a family is the first priority in life and that financial independence and career advancement is secondary (Gilbert, 1993) by this findings we can anticipate that more women than men will fit the Family profile that comprises ind ividuals who assign high importance to the family and relatively low importance to work. Similarly, if young men are raised to adopt the provider role more than young women, it is likely that more men than women fit the Work profile, and assign high levels of importance to the work role and relatively low importance to family roles. By this we can say that women will be represented most often in the Family profile and least in the Work profile. Men were expected to most frequently fit the Work profile and least frequently the Family profile. In research we assumed that womens values and commitment regarding parent and spouse roles would be higher than mens. In addition, following most research findings (Major, 1993; Schwartzberg Dytell, 1996), we anticipated that mens values and commitment to the work role would be higher than that of women. Many women are expected to feel primary obligation to the family role (Schwartzberg Dytell, 1996; Tompson Walker, 1989). Many researchers ha ve found that college men and women are increasingly similar in their goals and value orientations. Scant information is available about how women and men with similarly strong and equal motivations toward the achievement of goals and the maintenance of affiliative relationships will prioritize, make decisions, and interact when achievement demands and personal relationships conflict. Students reveal ignorance of the career hazards of interruptions in employment, and lack of awareness of the family sacrifices and stresses attendant to career commitment (Catalyst, 1987; Phillips Johnston, 1985; Zuckerman, 1980). As men and women in college today think about their future and plan for work and family, they are exposed to a variety of mixed messages relating to gender. Gender socialization continues to influence young peoples identities and stereotypes from the past frame choices (e.g., Angrist Almquist, 1975; Komarovsky, 1985; Machung, 1989) for students as they move into a society which, at least theoretically, permits equality of opportunities regardless of gender. Yet, participation of women in the work force has increased significantly and attitude surveys indicate that we are much more accepting of women taking active roles in our society (e.g.. Mason Lu, 1988). Nevertheless, women still face considerable occupational segregation (Blau Ferber, 1985). Research suggests that women continue to oversee management of home, children and social activities of the family, while men help with household tasks (Hochschild, 1989; Bernardo, Shehan, Leslie, 1987; Coverman Sheley, 1986, Berk, 1985). Since discrimination results in women earning less money for equal time at work, men can justify their non-involvement in household chores because they must provide for the family. Thus, despite many changes, todays college students have grown up in traditional families where women have had to assume the majority of household tasks, whether they worked outside of the home or not. Consequently, many traditional gender expectations are maintained by the structural inequality in our society. The purpose this study was to identity the relationship between male and female college students priorities in terms of there future goals regarding career and family. It was hypothesis that there would be an inverse relationship between career values and the importance of family life between men and women furthermore; female students would value the family life role, whereas male would prefer the occupational life role. Methods Participants In the present study there were two groups consisting of total 60 subjects of which there were thirty female students and thirty male students in the age group 17-22 years. The samples were selected randomly from different colleges. Material The instrument used for the study was life role salience scale. The scale had four different sub-scales dealing with occupational, parental, martial and homecare. Life role salience scale was assed on five point Likert scale ranging from a score of (disagree-1, somewhatdisagree-2, neitheragreenordisagree-3, somewhatagree-4, and agree-5). The purpose of this research was to find reliable information. The first section of the survey consisted of a small section of demographics, including age, gender, major, ethnicity, and academic classification. The second part of the survey contained the Life Role Salience Scales (LRSS), which measured variables of gender, career goals, and family priorities (Amatea, Cross, Clark, Bobby, 1986). The LRSS contained forty value statements regarding feelings about work and family roles. In addition, the LRSS was assessed on a five point Likert scale, ranging from a score of one (disagree) to five (agree). The scale is geared toward role reward value and role commitment level (Amatea et. al., 1986). It also identifies four major life roles as occupational, marital, parental, and homecare. The purpose of this scale is to obtain reliable information pertaining to future career and family expectations of male and female college students (Amatea et. al., 1986). Design: The present study was quasi-experimental design. The subject variable was the gender of the participant, and the dependent variable was whether or not the participant rated his or her career role or family role as more important. This is determined by the participants score on the two Occupational subsets of the LRSS and the participants score on the Parental, Marital, and Homecare subsets. The age group of 20-25 was taken for the study. This particular age group was taken so as to see where this age is where people take decisions regarding career and family. Procedure: The students who volunteered where given consent form and the instructions were read aloud and were also mentioned in the questionnaire. The participants were debriefed on the true nature of the study. Specifically, they were told that the experiment was not about the social opinions about men and women, but on the priorities of male and female career and family values. Once again, all the questions were addressed and students received contact information for any further questions that they may have. Results The data analyzed for this experiment was based on the LRSS which measured family as a combination of homecare, parental and marital roles and assessed career values through occupational role expectations (Amatea al., 1986). Means and standard deviation for all the scales, by gender are shown in Table1. The data displayed variability between males and females in regard to parental role expectations. Overall, the means between genders exhibited significance, and were detected in levels of an independent samples t-test shown in Table 1.According to the data, their was large difference between both men and women in terms of parental role scale. (t=2.45*). As a result the difference between the results of both genders on LRSS reveals that females assessed a higher value towards the parental role than males. Furthermore, the differences between gender in relation to homecare expectation was significant (t=3.17*) which suggests that female preferred homecare role more than males. These res ults support our hypothesis, which stated that there is an inverse relationship between gender, career and family values. Table 2 presents the paired samples t-test; comparisons of the means between the occupational and parental roles were significant. (t=2.63*).table3 shows the paired samples statistics of life role expectation between males. By comparing the means, their was a significant difference (t=2.15*) between male occupational and marital views. Table 1- Gender Life Role Descriptive and Independent Samples Statistics Male Female mean sd mean Sd T Occupational 39.93 3.28 37.93 3.43 2.30 Parental 37.97 4.01 40.77 4.80 2.45 Martial 34.63 4.00 40.75 4.76 5.39 Homecare 37.63 2.16 40.47 4.39 3.17 P Table 2- Female Life Role Paired Samples Statistics mean sd T Occupational Parental 37.93 3.43 2.67 40.77 4.80 Occupational Martial 37.93 3.43 2.63 40.75 4.29 Occupational Homecare 37.93 3.43 2.49 40.47 4.39 P Table 3- Male Life Role Paired Samples Statistics mean sd T Occupational Parental 39.93 3.28 2.0722 37.97 4.01 Occupational Martial 39.93 3.28 5.6119 34.63 4.00 Occupational Homecare 39.93 3.28 3.2077 37.63 2.16 P Discussion This study investigated career and family values of college students. The first purpose of this study was to identify whether or not males and females had different priorities concerning family life and occupational roles. In the present sample of thirty males and thirty females, significant differences were observed between family and career expectations. According to our analysis, females appeared to value the parental role greater than males. This finding suggests that women assess a larger significance towards family priorities than men who value career. These findings supported our hypothesis, which said that there would be a difference in career and family priorities between genders. As hypothesized, females appeared to value the parental role greater than the occupational role. Thus, females held higher expectations for having a family, rather than a career. Likewise, males showed a preference for occupation, as opposed to marriage. Consequently, males viewed having a career a s a greater importance than having a family. Overall, the results of this study highlight the tendency for females to value family priorities, as opposed to males who value career. This finding is also different from gender-role traditionalism research, which suggests that both male and female attitudes change correspondingly during college (Bryant, 2003). Furthermore, results of the present study also indicated that among females, women were more likely to value family, as opposed to career. Past research, such as the Valedictorian Project, obtained results congruent with our findings. Arnold (1993) attributed these outcomes to lowered career aspirations possibly due to female beliefs regarding family-work conflict. In other words, women lowered their career goals to avoid future work conflict and experience fewer family life demands (Arnold, 1993). This finding suggested that external factors (such as occupational stress) tend to lower womens desire to achieve career goals. On the other hand, additional research indicated that universal work expectations were common between genders, in that both males and females contained aspirations in regard to high education, work, and family values (Maines Hardesty, 1987). Similar studies also suggested that women, who pursued high-level careers and contained greater occupational aspirations, appeared to value high quality career roles over family roles (Faver, 1982). These findings, although they were incongruent with our results, suggested that women and men valued career equally. Many studies have emphasized that womens career and domestic choices are situational and change over time, that women negotiate their positions and form ideologies in accordance with various circumstances encountered over their life courses (Gerson 1985; Hochschild with Machung 1989; Jacobs 1989). While not denying the validity of this position, the study suggests that many women students, even before they have had any experience with marri age, motherhood and extra domestic work are incompatible and that husbands are reliable lifelong providers -that help to shape their core identities we suggest that these ideologies influence the choices and decisions, students make as they go through college and enter the world of work, which in turn condition and limit other choices they may wish to make as the circumstances of their lives change. Ultimately, an individuals priorities navigate that person throughout life. A persons values guide him or her in attaining future goals. The very nature of human beings is dependent on critical decisions based on their priorities, which result in life roles. Thus, value lies in identifying gender priorities, in which future human behavior may be predicted. Consequently, future research on the career and family values of college undergraduates is needed to investigate how males and females of different ethnic backgrounds value career and family role expectations, whether or not an increas ed sample size would affect the results of the present study, and the influence of college environmental factors (size, religious affiliation, and location) on gender values. Finally, eliminating media tactics geared toward unrealistic gender stereotypes would decrease the gender-role social pressures exerted on males and females. By projecting realistic and non-traditional attitudes, both men and women would expand their life role opportunities. Womens achievement orientations are clearly not less than males. But women do not feel they must sacrifice their family roles to achieve the arenas of education and work. They anticipate that future family roles will be more important to them than males. Males see their future educational and work as more important than family. Although women expect to earn less than men, they have similarly high expectations for income as their male peers. However, we also find many differences between males and females which imply that traditional gender roles may be influencing plans for their futures. Of particular interest is the gender difference in self-perception. Although females perform well in academics than male they are likely to see themselves as less able than their male. The difference in self-perception is particularly perplexing. These findings support a traditional gender socialization model in which males and all things masculine are valued and females and all things feminine are devalued. Women may be socialized to devalue their own achievements whereas males, despite lower abilities would be pressured to overestimate their abilities. Therefore, responses such as these may be appropriate for both young men and women of marriageable age if they live in a world where men are expected to be superior (Eccles, 1987). We also find that men and women have very different expectations form roles in the home and work place. Although both sexes feel that a good marriage and family are important, men do not feel it is important for them to maintain household activities. Furthermore, males hold more traditional values about women combining work and family, and are more likely to wan their wives to remain at home. Likewise, women place more importance on hous ehold roles, expect to be employed for fewer hours, and are more likely than male

Budget Request: Hiring New Officers in the Community Essay

1. Include at least two (2) robust justifications for hiring new police officers. The justification should anticipate the key questions that the chief executive and council will likely ask. a. If this request is the result of an increased workload, how quickly did the workload increase? Could the increased workload be covered by part-time employees or by shifting employees from another area? b. How long have you known this need was developing? Was the manager previously briefed on the growing workload? c. If the request is not funded, what impact will it have on the department? On citizens? (Hint: If your request is not funded this year, managers often look to see if a request is repeatedly put forward to gauge its urgency. ) The present police force include thirty uniformed officers, there is an immediate need to hire three to five more officers. The many of the citizens in this city have observed crime in the downtown area is rising rapidly. With a population of over 75,000 residents in the community, I strongly encourage increasing our police force to offset of crime rate in the community. For every police office there are 2500 citizens at that ratio we are definitely under manned. The budget while important cannot be the determining factor. Our officers must know that we support them as a department and want them to be apart of their families lives. Much of the data from my department show no increase of crime rate however we cannot substaine control of this amount of population without adding to the force. With many veterans returning home from the wars we should be able to get qualified applicants. When hiring these types of talents there will be less money in the training of the individual and more concentration on the duty of the officer saving the community more money. This request will be justified as an increase in crime and workload has increased over the years, the crime and workload has risen moderately over the six year period we never hired new officers and now seems like a great time to contain the problem. The increased workload and crime increase will have to be covered by three full time employees and two part time employees. This need has been developing since the year of 2006 when the economy seemed to be going into an economic depression, when people began losing their jobs crime increased and the workload for the officers went up as well because they were handling situations they were not accustomed to such as counseling families and being mentors to children whose parents were working to help with the ever rising gas and food prices. The manager was informed of the changes in the workload and bought it to my attention that something has to be done or we will lose business in the area due to crime and on other factors. If the request is not funded this will have a major impact on the department the public will no longer believe we are here to protect them just to satisfy a fiscal budget that is drawn up every year. People in the communities will then feel as though they will have to take the law into their own hands causing turmoil within the communities. My second justification citizen appreciation and safety, hiring the new officers will show citizens that we put their public safety knowing that our budget will not be balanced. Analysis executed by the statistical department forecast and increase done by my team and the increase in the population is what prompts us to request for the hiring of new officers. Community policing is required in each community by officers hired through the state this type of policing promotes structural strategies, which provides the officers with partnerships and problem-solving skills, that will deter crime and social disorder. The safeties of each citizen will the number one concern citizens should feel safe walking home from school, the movies or even walking to their dogs. This justification of hiring new officers will just make people feel safer, when they see our patrol cars covering their areas, and also when they see our officers in their local school protecting their kids from any type of violence or verbal assaults. This year we are seeing the biggest increase in retirees, our senior officers are retiring this is also a factor in our need to hire new officers. The first objection would be that after doing the analysis of 911 response calls and hands-on activities of the officer do we really need more fficers? The officers are very efficient and they exceed all of their goals that are placed before them currently. With crime rate at in the community at six year low, why do we need these officers? With the hiring of these new officers the demand for overtime pay with the existing officers will decrease. Overtime cost the department a significant amount it also puts a mental strain on the officers. Financing of the new officer packaging will come fr om those decreases. Another objection proposed revenue for salaries where does it come from? We are going to approve a parcel tax that would give the city millions of dollars to hire more police officers? Will there also be a program in place where the community participates in helping the officers with crime control? If this is put in to place then there will not be a need to higher new officers because this will cut down on cost. Not many citizens oppose hiring five new police officers because of the immediate benefit to morale of the city and police department. One objection is proper allocation of funds throughout the force. With the addition al officers being added on the force their will be additional arrests, court appointed lawyers assigned to the case, and over populated jails. Each of the benefits lead to an increase of fines and revenue collections by the judicial courts. Prevention is the key when thinking of arrests and jail numbers; with the increase in police officers there will be an increase in costs within the community and state trickling to the federal government as well. The cost of equipment replacement and repair could play a role in the investment of new officers. If there is an increase in officers within the community what guarantees that the rate of crime in the downtown area will decrease? There are other areas within the state that has an increase in crime would these officers be beneficial for all areas or just the intended areas? Will the citizens of the city have to worry about a tax hike to pay for these officers? These are very relevant questions that should be answered only to protect the citizens within the community. In conclusion the budget request definitely points towards the hiring of the officers, more than one hundred percent of the money goes to creating jobs. Job creation is very important to the community because it provides family stability. There is funding in the federal government that includes grants if you are hiring police officers and the COPS Hiring Program (CHP) this program has awarded 111 million dollars in grant money to help with the hiring of police officers. (http://www. cops. usdoj. gov/Default. asp? Item=2367). With the increase of crime increasing within the community there is much need for the new officers to be hired our number one goal is to protect the people of the community and state. Police officers are here to suppress the fear of crime and also to decrease the rate of crime. There are many factors that are covered by the federal government when funding each state with enough funding for police enforcement. The federal government uses these funds to initiate activities that combat violence in local communities, including $25 million for the Community- Based Violence Prevention Initiatives that aim to reduce gun and other violence among youth gangs in cities and towns across the country.

SIDS: A Traumatic and Tragic Disease

SIDS (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome) is a traumatic and tragic disease that affects thousands of babies throughout the world every year. There is no way of explaining the death of a child that has SIDS and there are no real ways of predicting if it could happen to any baby. What makes SIDS even worse is that the source of what exactly may be the cause of it is still unknown. Advanced research in the last 30 years has dramatically reduced the number of deaths. SIDS not only affects the infants but also the families of the infant and it proves to be a very tough and emotional experience for them. So what exactly is SIDS? The term SIDS was finally defined in 1969 as the sudden death of an infant or child, which is unexpected by history and in which a through post-mortem examination fails to demonstrate an adequate cause of death (Culbertson 3). Basically this is another way of saying that it is not known why these babies die. SIDS is not a new disease contrary to what some people might believe, but it has been happening throughout time, unexplained deaths of babies are even recorded in the bible. SIDS was probably the most neglected disease ever recorded in history of man. It wasn†t until recently that major steps were taken to figure out why babies were dying so unexpectedly and what could we do to prevent it from happening. So what exactly causes SIDS and is there anything we can do to prevent it? Well as of right now, the cause of SIDS is unknown. We do not know what causes SIDS and there are no consistent warning signs that might alert us to the risk of it. However, scientists and researchers have discovered many things that might attribute to the causes of SIDS. SIDS almost always occurs at night when the infant is sleeping. A higher incidence of SIDS is seen among premature and low birth weight children. Women who smoke and let their children be exposed to smoke give their children a higher risk of SIDS. Low birth rates among children have a higher chance of getting SIDS. Finally there is a much higher rate of SIDS when infants are placed on their stomach to sleep. (Culbertson, 8-10) One of the biggest recommendations physicians make to new parents today is to let their babies sleep on their back. Putting them on their back greatly decreases the risk of SIDS to their children. These are just some of the things that have been THEORIZED by scientists and researchers that are possibilities that could be attributing factors to SIDS. But of course these are all theories that have been developed by researchers by statistics. Statistics is one of the greatest tools we have today to help us learn about the characteristics of SIDS. Since we don†t know what it is, seeing how it works and what things we can do to help slow it down are obviously good. Throughout history, before SIDS was defined, the accepted explanation was that either the baby choked on itself or was rolled on by the parents during sleep. Possibly an accepted answer due to the lack of knowledge in the past but know we know that most of the time they were wrong. Since there is no cure for SIDS, scientists and researchers have been studying new ways of possibly preventing it from happening to infants. New nursing techniques developed over the last 30 years have actually dramatically reduced the number of infant deaths caused by SIDS. But still we must not forget the fact we still don†t know what causes SIDS itself. That is what makes this so terrible, that researchers have all these techniques to help prevent SIDS but we still don†t know what we are preventing. Death by SIDS leaves a traumatic and terrible effect left on the parents and family members. A SIDS death usually promotes intense emotional reactions among surviving family members. After the initial shock and disbelief, parents often fall into a prolonged depression usually of self-denial about if they killed their baby. This depression can affect their sleeping, eating, ability to concentrate, and general energy level. (Culbertson 190-193) Crying, weeping, incessant talking, and strong feelings of guilt or anger are all normal reactions. Many parents experience unreasonable fears that they or someone in their family is in danger. Over protection of surviving children and fears for future children is a common reaction. As the finality of the child†s death becomes a reality for the parents, recovery finally occurs. Birthdays, holidays, anniversaries often trigger painful memories of the loss (Culbertson, 186-188). Children can also be affected by the loss. Many children may develop a fear that they themselves might die. In many cases children will also feel guilty about the death feeling that possibly it was their fault. However, children may deny being upset and try to hide their emotions which is a reason why most parents have to talk with their children and assure them it is not going to happen to them. (Culbertson,190-193) One of the true bright spots about the fight against SIDS is that in the last 20 years, deaths caused by SIDS have dropped dramatically in the United States and the rest of the world. Currently the average in the world among SIDS deaths is between 0. 5-3. 0 deaths per thousand (Culbertson,11). When comparing to that when it was first studied at about an average of 15-20 deaths per thousand(Bergman,10-11), a major improvement has been seen. However, though it isn†t that high of a number, it still accounts for 20 percent of all deaths between the ages of one month and one year and 95 percent of that between 2 months and 4 months. Guntheroth,70-73). It is important to point out that most all statistics of SIDS come from developed countries, countries that have the money to perform autopsies on infants. We can only assume that in undeveloped countries, which have a very high infant mortality rate to begin with, the presence of SIDS is there and probably have a much higher rate than in developed countries because throughout the world, SIDS rates are very constant with one another wherever studies have and can be conducted. SIDS ranks only second to injuries as the greatest cause of death to children who are less than 15 years of age and it takes more lives than leukemia, heart disease, cystic fibrosis, and muscular dystrophy in that age period. ( Bergman, xi). So in conclusion to all of this, there still is very little information on what exactly causes SIDS. Unlike other diseases, which we know the cause of, SIDS is the one that we don†t have any knowledge on what the source is that causes it. One of the most important statements but disheartening is that SIDS is a â€Å"disease of theories†(Bergman, 12). Everything we know, all the information that is produced and published is all just a theory because we don†t even know what happened and what caused the death. So where do we go from here? What can be done to stop this terrible disease? Who knows. All we can do is sit back and hope someone†s â€Å"theory† is the right one and be thankful that this disease only affects 1-3 infants per thousand born. There are so many questions but not nearly enough answers and until that day we can only do what the experts tell us to do and hopefully the SIDS disease will almost become non-existent.

Palawan Vocal Music - 4111 Words

Palawan: Folk Music of Palawan Vocal Music : Bagit, Kulial, (song), Tultul (epic chant), Ulit (shamanic chant) Instrumental music : Aruding ( Jew’s harp), babarak (ring flute) suling (banded Flute), basal (gong), kusyapiq (lute) , pagang (bamboo zither)u Social Functions: Ritual music, music of expressing contrasting emotions, Composition : Bird songs, Kulial songs, Epic songs (i.e kudaman) People of Palawan * Tau’T batu tribe -They are a sub-group of the Palaw’an tribe that live in the Singnapan Valley found in the southern part of Palawan. They live in the caves during rainy seasons and farm using the kaingin system during dry seasons. As compared to the other tribes, they are familiar with business or trading concepts like†¦show more content†¦The harp is a multi-string instrument which has the plane of its strings positioned perpendicularly to thesoundboard. Organologically, it is in the general category of chordophones (stringed instruments) and has its own sub category (the harps). All harps have a neck, resonator and strings. Some, known as frame harps, also have a pillar; those without the pillar are referred to as open harps. Depending on its size, which varies, a harp may be played while held in the lap or while it stands on a table, or on the floor. Harp strings may be made of nylon, gut, wire or silk. Cebuano Music The wide repertoire of Visayan songs includes ballads, lullabies, harana (serenade), childrens songs, working songs, drinking songs, nonsense songs, and a lively song-and-dance debate called balitaw. For a sampling of one or more of these genres, click on the links below.Ako Anak ni Tatay (childrens song) Ilo nga Bata (childrens song) Pakitong-kitong (nonsense song) Si Pelimon (work song) Ako kini si Angi (work song) Sa Lungsod sa Buenavista (ballad) Matud Nila (love song) Adiyos Nanay ug Tatay (wedding song) Dandansoy (drinking song) Balitaw (debate song) Traditions: 1. Sinulog in honor of Santo Nià ±o (Cebu) The famous Sinulog festival in Cebu City is held every year on the third Sunday of January. The festival is